The correct answer is:
a democratic and social federal state.
ein demokratischer und sozialer Bundesstaat.
Independent study resource, not a BAMF website. Translations are study aids; the exam is in German.
Quick explanation
Germany is a democratic and social federal state.
Why is this correct?
These constitutional principles combine democracy, the social state and a federal structure.
Background
Article 20 of the Basic Law begins: “The Federal Republic of Germany is a democratic and social federal state.” Democratic means the people elect their representatives. Social means the state provides social security, for example through pension, health and unemployment insurance. Federal state means power is shared between the federation and the 16 states.
Why are the other answers wrong?
A communist republic or socialist state was the GDR, not the Federal Republic. Germany has not been a monarchy since 1918. The answer “social and socialist federal state” is a trap: “social” is right, “socialist” is not.
Memory tip
The three words from Article 20: democratic, social, federal state.
Legal basis: Art. 20 Basic Law (GG) ↗
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