The correct answer is:
when publicly spreading false claims about individuals
bei der öffentlichen Verbreitung falscher Behauptungen über einzelne Personen
Independent study resource, not a BAMF website. Translations are study aids; the exam is in German.
Quick explanation
False factual claims about individuals may be restricted.
Why is this correct?
Freedom of expression protects criticism and opinions, but not every untrue assertion that violates personality rights.
Background
Freedom of expression is limited, among other things, by the “right to personal honour” (Article 5(2)). Anyone who publicly spreads false facts about a specific person can commit a criminal offence, for example defamation or slander. Those affected can also demand that the false claim be deleted or retracted. An opinion (“I think she is a bad politician”) is protected; an invented fact (“she stole money”) is not.
Why are the other answers wrong?
Opinions about the federal government, discussions about religions and criticism of the state are covered by freedom of expression. In fact, criticism of the government and the state is exactly what freedom of expression is meant to protect.
Memory tip
Opinions are free – false claims about people are not.
Legal basis: Art. 5 Basic Law (GG) ↗
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