The correct answer is:
freedom of speech
Meinungsfreiheit
Independent study resource, not a BAMF website. Translations are study aids; the exam is in German.
Quick explanation
Freedom of expression is a fundamental right.
Why is this correct?
It is protected by the Basic Law; possessing weapons, vigilante force and taking the law into one’s own hands are not fundamental rights.
Background
The fundamental rights are at the beginning of the Basic Law, in Articles 1 to 19. Freedom of expression (Article 5) is one of the most important, because a democracy cannot work without free debate. Fundamental rights mainly protect people from the state: it may only restrict them within narrow limits and only by law.
Why are the other answers wrong?
Owning weapons is not a fundamental right in Germany – unlike what many people know from the USA. Anyone who wants to own a weapon needs a permit under the Weapons Act. “Fist law” and vigilante justice mean using violence to get “justice” yourself. This is forbidden, because in Germany only the state has a monopoly on the use of force: the police and courts enforce the law.
Memory tip
Three answers have to do with violence – the fundamental right is the only peaceful answer.
Legal basis: Art. 5 Basic Law (GG) ↗
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